Lithium battery charging knowledge and safety method
Does everyone know what kind of charging method needs to be taken for lithium battery charging？This article will explain the three stages of lithium battery charging and charging knowledge, precautions and how to safely charge and so on.
Table of Contents
Why lithium battery charging needs 3 stages
Currently, the industry has developed a three-stage strategy for charging lithium-ion batteries: pre-charging, constant current charging, and constant voltage charging.
In the process of lithium battery charging, under the action of the external electric field applied by the charger, Li+ is detached from the positive electrode LiCoO2 into the electrolyte and moves toward the anode, and in turn enters the anode composed of graphite to form LiC compounds.
If the lithium battery charging rate is too fast, it will make Li+ too late to enter the anode grid, and Li+ will gather in the electrolyte near the anode, and these Li+ near the anode will likely capture an electron from the anode to become metal Li. Continued metal lithium generation will build up near the anode and grow into dendritic crystals, commonly known as dendrites.
In another scenario, as the anode becomes more and more filled, the LiC lattice leaves fewer and fewer spaces, and if the charging rate remains constant, a localized Li+ buildup may form on the surface of the anode. Therefore, the charging current must be gradually reduced in the second half of lithium battery charging.
The growth of the dendrites will eventually puncture the diaphragm between the positive and anode levels and form a short circuit. Therefore, the faster the lithium charging speed is, the more dangerous it is, the higher the lithium ion battery voltage at which the charging is terminated is, and the longer the lithium battery is charged, the more dangerous it is.
The point of pre-charging is to condition the battery to get it into a state where it can be rapidly charged with a high current. Constant current charging serves to store electrical energy into the battery quickly. The constant voltage charging stage is the final adjustment stage, which maximizes the capacity of the battery, but is carried out in full accordance with the needs of the battery itself.
The final stage of lithium battery charging is known as the replenishment stage, and it is a compensatory measure to make up for the loss of capacity caused by the self-discharge of the battery and the depletion of other loads connected to it. This is done to ensure that the battery (and the system comprising it) is always as fully charged as possible when it is separated from the charging equipment.
In addition, the temperature at which the battery is exposed can have a significant impact on the charging strategy. As the materials that make up the battery have different properties at different temperatures, the capacity of the battery, and the appropriate lithium battery charging voltage, change dramatically.
What you need to pay attention to e-bike lithium battery charging
01
E-bike lithium battery charging in general, it is best to charge according to the specifications written above, if not, depending on the capacity of the lithium battery and the charger’s current is how much to be calculated, such as 48V/20A lithium battery charger is 5A, it is necessary to charge a little more than 4 hours.
Such as 48V/20A lithium batteries, the charger is 5A, it is necessary to charge a little more than 4 hours, if it is 10A charger a little more than two hours, 20A charger to charge an hour.
02
Generally new lithium batteries for electric bicycles are new, the capacity is also large, charging will be longer, will reach more than 10 hours unchanged lights, later will get faster and faster, about 2 months will be reduced to 6 hours, after that it is constant can last about half a year, the battery capacity will continue to decline, 1 year after 3-4 hours can be filled, of course, the battery is almost time to change or need to be maintained.
03
After purchasing an e-bike, the lithium battery is usually about 80% charged, and should be charged when you arrive home, the time is to charge the charger to change the light and then charge for 4 hours, so that it will be three times.
04
E-bike lithium battery charging time should not be too long, to the charger changes light after an hour is appropriate. Charging would rather undercharge some, do not overcharge, otherwise the battery will be charged because of the lack of water, bulging, swelling. Resulting in irremediable loss of lithium batteries.
05
The discharge port and charging port of the whole set of lithium e-bike batteries should be kept clean at all times to prevent the contact points from patina, resulting in poor contact overheating and damage.
06
Lithium battery e-bike activation does not require a special method, the lithium battery will naturally activate while the e-bike is in motion.
07
Regular deep discharges are also good for “revitalizing” the battery and can slightly increase its capacity. The general method is to fully discharge the battery at regular intervals.
Is a higher charge rate better for lithium batteries?
In practical applications, the larger the charging and discharging rate, the stronger the lithium battery charging and discharging ability, the faster the charging and discharging speed, however, the high rate of lithium battery charging and discharging will have a certain impact on the lithium battery, i.e., the higher the lithium battery charging and discharging rate, the faster the degradation rate of the battery performance, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
Battery Capacity Decay: During frequent high rate charging and discharging, the chemical reaction inside the lithium battery will be affected, resulting in the decay of the battery capacity. This degradation is usually irreversible, resulting in a decrease in battery life;
Increase in temperature and decrease in efficiency of lithium battery charging: During high rate charging and discharging, the heat inside the battery will increase due to the high current, which will increase the power loss of lithium battery, decrease the charging efficiency, and make the charging time of the battery longer;
Battery life shortening: During high rate charging and discharging, lithium ion activity is fast and material migration is frequent, which exacerbates the loss and material fatigue inside the battery. Long-term high rate charging and discharging will shorten the life of lithium battery and reduce the number of times it can be recycled.
When using lithium batteries, a reasonable charging and discharging strategy is an effective means of controlling battery degradation, prolonging battery life, improving capacity utilization, and ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.
Lithium battery charging method – how to charge the safest
Be sure to use the appropriate lithium battery charger to charge, first plug the charger output plug corresponding to the lithium battery charging socket, and then plug the charger plug into the mains jack, observe the indicator light for lithium battery charging judgment. If the charger is lost or damaged, please find the corresponding dealer to purchase. Do not use a lead-acid charger or other form of charger for charging.
Generally, after the charger indicator light turns green, charge it for about 1-2 hours and stop charging. Lithium batteries have no memory effect, each charge is about 5-8 hours, the user estimates a good time when using, to avoid overcharging. Avoid charging at high temperature. Do not charge at a temperature of more than 40°. High temperature will degrade the battery capacity. Try to choose a cool and ventilated environment, too stuffy environment is not conducive to the charging state, will also destroy the battery and reduce the life of the charger.
TYCORUN ENERGY electric motorcycle charge swap station
When the user can not grasp the time of each lithium battery charging and can not judge whether the battery is in safe charging, this time TYCORUN ENERGY battery swapping station is to eliminate these user concerns, because TYCORUN ENERGY battery swapping station from the battery, the charging system, and the cabinet have protection functions, triple protection to improve the safety of lithium battery charging, real-time monitoring of lithium battery charging, lithium batteries to provide a suitable and safe charging environment.
Click the picture for more information of TYCORUN 12-slot battery swapping cabinet!
This battery swapping technology also saves electric motorcycle charging time for users, who only need to spend 2 minutes swapping batteries to get a full battery immediately, which greatly helps takeaways and couriers and improves the efficiency of daily deliveries. For residents who don’t have a proper place to charge or don’t have a charger, the power exchange cabinet is also a solution. If you are interested in battery swap cabinets, please feel free to contact us.
Lucky
Hi, I am Lucky, graduated from a well-known university in China, now mainly engaged in article editing on lithium motorcycle batteries, and the battery swapping station, I am committed to offering services and solutions about battery swap station for various industries.
Lithium battery charging knowledge and safety method
Why lithium battery charging needs 3 stages
Currently, the industry has developed a three-stage strategy for charging lithium-ion batteries: pre-charging, constant current charging, and constant voltage charging.
In the process of lithium battery charging, under the action of the external electric field applied by the charger, Li+ is detached from the positive electrode LiCoO2 into the electrolyte and moves toward the anode, and in turn enters the anode composed of graphite to form LiC compounds.
If the lithium battery charging rate is too fast, it will make Li+ too late to enter the anode grid, and Li+ will gather in the electrolyte near the anode, and these Li+ near the anode will likely capture an electron from the anode to become metal Li. Continued metal lithium generation will build up near the anode and grow into dendritic crystals, commonly known as dendrites.
In another scenario, as the anode becomes more and more filled, the LiC lattice leaves fewer and fewer spaces, and if the charging rate remains constant, a localized Li+ buildup may form on the surface of the anode. Therefore, the charging current must be gradually reduced in the second half of lithium battery charging.
The growth of the dendrites will eventually puncture the diaphragm between the positive and anode levels and form a short circuit. Therefore, the faster the lithium charging speed is, the more dangerous it is, the higher the lithium ion battery voltage at which the charging is terminated is, and the longer the lithium battery is charged, the more dangerous it is.
The point of pre-charging is to condition the battery to get it into a state where it can be rapidly charged with a high current. Constant current charging serves to store electrical energy into the battery quickly. The constant voltage charging stage is the final adjustment stage, which maximizes the capacity of the battery, but is carried out in full accordance with the needs of the battery itself.
The final stage of lithium battery charging is known as the replenishment stage, and it is a compensatory measure to make up for the loss of capacity caused by the self-discharge of the battery and the depletion of other loads connected to it. This is done to ensure that the battery (and the system comprising it) is always as fully charged as possible when it is separated from the charging equipment.
In addition, the temperature at which the battery is exposed can have a significant impact on the charging strategy. As the materials that make up the battery have different properties at different temperatures, the capacity of the battery, and the appropriate lithium battery charging voltage, change dramatically.
What you need to pay attention to e-bike lithium battery charging
01
E-bike lithium battery charging in general, it is best to charge according to the specifications written above, if not, depending on the capacity of the lithium battery and the charger’s current is how much to be calculated, such as 48V/20A lithium battery charger is 5A, it is necessary to charge a little more than 4 hours.
Such as 48V/20A lithium batteries, the charger is 5A, it is necessary to charge a little more than 4 hours, if it is 10A charger a little more than two hours, 20A charger to charge an hour.
02
Generally new lithium batteries for electric bicycles are new, the capacity is also large, charging will be longer, will reach more than 10 hours unchanged lights, later will get faster and faster, about 2 months will be reduced to 6 hours, after that it is constant can last about half a year, the battery capacity will continue to decline, 1 year after 3-4 hours can be filled, of course, the battery is almost time to change or need to be maintained.
03
After purchasing an e-bike, the lithium battery is usually about 80% charged, and should be charged when you arrive home, the time is to charge the charger to change the light and then charge for 4 hours, so that it will be three times.
04
E-bike lithium battery charging time should not be too long, to the charger changes light after an hour is appropriate. Charging would rather undercharge some, do not overcharge, otherwise the battery will be charged because of the lack of water, bulging, swelling. Resulting in irremediable loss of lithium batteries.
05
The discharge port and charging port of the whole set of lithium e-bike batteries should be kept clean at all times to prevent the contact points from patina, resulting in poor contact overheating and damage.
06
Lithium battery e-bike activation does not require a special method, the lithium battery will naturally activate while the e-bike is in motion.
07
Regular deep discharges are also good for “revitalizing” the battery and can slightly increase its capacity. The general method is to fully discharge the battery at regular intervals.
Is a higher charge rate better for lithium batteries?
Charge/discharge rate is the ratio of the current that the battery withstands during charging and discharging of lithium ion battery to its rated capacity. The unit is C.
In practical applications, the larger the charging and discharging rate, the stronger the lithium battery charging and discharging ability, the faster the charging and discharging speed, however, the high rate of lithium battery charging and discharging will have a certain impact on the lithium battery, i.e., the higher the lithium battery charging and discharging rate, the faster the degradation rate of the battery performance, which is mainly manifested in the following aspects:
Battery Capacity Decay: During frequent high rate charging and discharging, the chemical reaction inside the lithium battery will be affected, resulting in the decay of the battery capacity. This degradation is usually irreversible, resulting in a decrease in battery life;
Increase in temperature and decrease in efficiency of lithium battery charging: During high rate charging and discharging, the heat inside the battery will increase due to the high current, which will increase the power loss of lithium battery, decrease the charging efficiency, and make the charging time of the battery longer;
Battery life shortening: During high rate charging and discharging, lithium ion activity is fast and material migration is frequent, which exacerbates the loss and material fatigue inside the battery. Long-term high rate charging and discharging will shorten the life of lithium battery and reduce the number of times it can be recycled.
When using lithium batteries, a reasonable charging and discharging strategy is an effective means of controlling battery degradation, prolonging battery life, improving capacity utilization, and ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.
Lithium battery charging method – how to charge the safest
Be sure to use the appropriate lithium battery charger to charge, first plug the charger output plug corresponding to the lithium battery charging socket, and then plug the charger plug into the mains jack, observe the indicator light for lithium battery charging judgment. If the charger is lost or damaged, please find the corresponding dealer to purchase. Do not use a lead-acid charger or other form of charger for charging.
Generally, after the charger indicator light turns green, charge it for about 1-2 hours and stop charging. Lithium batteries have no memory effect, each charge is about 5-8 hours, the user estimates a good time when using, to avoid overcharging. Avoid charging at high temperature. Do not charge at a temperature of more than 40°. High temperature will degrade the battery capacity. Try to choose a cool and ventilated environment, too stuffy environment is not conducive to the charging state, will also destroy the battery and reduce the life of the charger.
TYCORUN ENERGY electric motorcycle charge swap station
When the user can not grasp the time of each lithium battery charging and can not judge whether the battery is in safe charging, this time TYCORUN ENERGY battery swapping station is to eliminate these user concerns, because TYCORUN ENERGY battery swapping station from the battery, the charging system, and the cabinet have protection functions, triple protection to improve the safety of lithium battery charging, real-time monitoring of lithium battery charging, lithium batteries to provide a suitable and safe charging environment.
This battery swapping technology also saves electric motorcycle charging time for users, who only need to spend 2 minutes swapping batteries to get a full battery immediately, which greatly helps takeaways and couriers and improves the efficiency of daily deliveries. For residents who don’t have a proper place to charge or don’t have a charger, the power exchange cabinet is also a solution. If you are interested in battery swap cabinets, please feel free to contact us.