Development status and trends of China battery technology field
Driven by the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry and the dual carbon targets, China’s power battery industry has achieved rapid development and has taken a leading position in the global battery market.
Table of Contents
Chinese government attaches importance to battery technology and industrial development
In recent years, centering around the realization of the dual-carbon goal, China has put forward requirements for battery technology and industrial development in policy documents in the fields of new energy vehicles and new energy storage in China.
With the goal of achieving carbon peak carbon neutrality, it is proposed that by 2025, China’s new energy storage installed capacity will reach more than 30GW, an increase of nearly 10 times compared to the end of 2020. In terms of improving technological innovation capabilities, it is proposed to adhere to the diversification of energy storage technologies, and promote the development and demonstration applications of lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.
The Chinese government attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation in the battery field. In terms of power batteries, important progress has been made in technologies such as new materials and new systems, high specific energy, high specific power and long-life lithium-ion batteries, power battery systems, and new high-specific energy lithium batteries.
For example, a new lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material with a specific capacity of 400mAh/g, a nano-silicon-carbon anode material with a gram capacity of more than 1300mAh/g, and a pouch lithium-ion battery cell with a specific energy ≧350Wh/kg have been developed.
In terms of energy storage batteries, the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery system with a 100MWh-level cycle life of more than 10,000 times has been realized, and the solid-state ternary energy storage lithium-ion battery and sodium-ion battery have completed frontier exploration.
China battery industry occupies a global dominant position
The scale of the battery industry ranks first in the world, and ternary lithium battery is developing rapidly. In terms of industry and market, China has established a relatively complete battery industry chain, and the battery industry has always ranked first in the world. Over the years, with the support of the new energy vehicle subsidy policy, China’s electric vehicle industry has achieved considerable development and has become a major production and sales country.
At the same time, it has promoted the rapid development of China’s battery industry and has received high attention and recognition from the international community. In 2021, the cumulative output of power batteries in China will be 219.7GWh, a year-on-year increase of 163.4%; sales volume will be 186.0GWh, a year-on-year increase of 182.3%, ranking first in the world.
According to SNE Research data, in the first half of 2022, among the top 20 companies with global power battery installed capacity, there are 15 Chinese companies. Among the 12 power battery manufacturers whose growth rate exceeds 100%, 11 are Chinese companies. The two technical routes of lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery materials of Chinese enterprises are carried out simultaneously, with wider coverage and larger installed capacity.
Among China’s newly installed power battery capacity in 2020, ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries accounted for about 66% and 33% respectively. In 2021, China’s cumulative installed vehicle volume will be 74.35GWh, accounting for 48.1% of the total installed vehicle volume, a cumulative increase of 91.30% year-on-year. The installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries was 79.8GWh, accounting for 51.7%, a year-on-year increase of 227.4%.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries are showing a rapid growth trend due to cost and safety advantages, as well as the improvement of battery system integration efficiency technology. Compared lfp vs nmc battery, it is expected that the share of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the power and energy storage market will significantly exceed that of ternary batteries in the next three years.
China battery material industry has made great progress
China’s battery industry chain has developed soundly, the battery material industry has made great progress, and the application market is developing rapidly. The supply chain of China’s battery industry is complete. The key materials of lithium batteries, such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and other major metals, have relatively high reserves in China. At the same time, China has also acquired quite a lot of mineral resources around the world.
In addition, in terms of technical routes, Chinese lithium battery manufacturers have already deployed lithium iron phosphate batteries, emphasizing that the two technical routes are carried out simultaneously. In recent years, China has emerged a number of leading companies in battery anodes, anodes, electrolytes, and separators.
The industry has a high degree of concentration and has become the world’s largest producer and user of lithium iron phosphate and ternary cathode materials. The supply chain of China’s battery industry is more stable and diversified. China’s outstanding advantages in the power battery industry are mainly due to the fact that China has the world’s largest new energy vehicle market, which has stimulated the development of China’s battery industry.
China battery technology is generally at the international level
China’s innovative technology in power batteries has also continuously achieved new breakthroughs. In 2021, China’s application for power lithium battery patents accounted for 90% of the world’s share, especially in terms of material technology for cathode and anode electrodes, and new technologies are constantly being introduced. In terms of power batteries, important progress has been made in technologies such as new materials and new systems, high specific energy, high specific power, and long-life lithium-ion batteries, and new high-specific energy lithium batteries.
In terms of energy storage batteries, a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery system with a cycle life of more than 10,000 times at the 100 MWh level has been realized. CATL has developed a sodium-ion battery with a single battery energy density of 160 Wh/kg, which is expected to be used in energy storage power stations, communication base stations and other fields. BYD has developed blade battery technology, and the innovative battery structure has greatly improved volume utilization.
In recent years, Chinese battery companies have increased investment in technological innovation, and battery technology has made continuous progress, such as sodium-ion batteries, solid-state battery technology, cobalt-free batteries, blade batteries and CTP integration technology, etc.
Among them, CATL’s research and development expenses in 2020 will be as high as 3.569 billion RMB to strengthen the development of existing batteries and future battery technology. CATL will invest 3.3 billion RMB to establish a 21C laboratory to strengthen the development of future battery technology and support its leading position in the global battery field.
In terms of battery standards, China has begun to actively promote Chinese standards in the International Electrotechnical Organization. As early as 2020, China proposed to ISO to set new standards for lithium batteries, formulate a proposal for a professional committee, and the committee’s officers are held by China. Around the standard formulation, China has now taken the lead.
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Development status and trends of China battery technology field
Chinese government attaches importance to battery technology and industrial development
In recent years, centering around the realization of the dual-carbon goal, China has put forward requirements for battery technology and industrial development in policy documents in the fields of new energy vehicles and new energy storage in China.
With the goal of achieving carbon peak carbon neutrality, it is proposed that by 2025, China’s new energy storage installed capacity will reach more than 30GW, an increase of nearly 10 times compared to the end of 2020. In terms of improving technological innovation capabilities, it is proposed to adhere to the diversification of energy storage technologies, and promote the development and demonstration applications of lithium-ion batteries, flow batteries, and sodium-ion batteries.
The Chinese government attaches great importance to scientific and technological innovation in the battery field. In terms of power batteries, important progress has been made in technologies such as new materials and new systems, high specific energy, high specific power and long-life lithium-ion batteries, power battery systems, and new high-specific energy lithium batteries.
For example, a new lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material with a specific capacity of 400mAh/g, a nano-silicon-carbon anode material with a gram capacity of more than 1300mAh/g, and a pouch lithium-ion battery cell with a specific energy ≧350Wh/kg have been developed.
In terms of energy storage batteries, the lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery system with a 100MWh-level cycle life of more than 10,000 times has been realized, and the solid-state ternary energy storage lithium-ion battery and sodium-ion battery have completed frontier exploration.
China battery industry occupies a global dominant position
The scale of the battery industry ranks first in the world, and ternary lithium battery is developing rapidly. In terms of industry and market, China has established a relatively complete battery industry chain, and the battery industry has always ranked first in the world. Over the years, with the support of the new energy vehicle subsidy policy, China’s electric vehicle industry has achieved considerable development and has become a major production and sales country.
At the same time, it has promoted the rapid development of China’s battery industry and has received high attention and recognition from the international community. In 2021, the cumulative output of power batteries in China will be 219.7GWh, a year-on-year increase of 163.4%; sales volume will be 186.0GWh, a year-on-year increase of 182.3%, ranking first in the world.
According to SNE Research data, in the first half of 2022, among the top 20 companies with global power battery installed capacity, there are 15 Chinese companies. Among the 12 power battery manufacturers whose growth rate exceeds 100%, 11 are Chinese companies. The two technical routes of lithium iron phosphate battery and ternary lithium battery materials of Chinese enterprises are carried out simultaneously, with wider coverage and larger installed capacity.
Among China’s newly installed power battery capacity in 2020, ternary batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries accounted for about 66% and 33% respectively. In 2021, China’s cumulative installed vehicle volume will be 74.35GWh, accounting for 48.1% of the total installed vehicle volume, a cumulative increase of 91.30% year-on-year. The installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries was 79.8GWh, accounting for 51.7%, a year-on-year increase of 227.4%.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries are showing a rapid growth trend due to cost and safety advantages, as well as the improvement of battery system integration efficiency technology. Compared lfp vs nmc battery, it is expected that the share of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the power and energy storage market will significantly exceed that of ternary batteries in the next three years.
China battery material industry has made great progress
China’s battery industry chain has developed soundly, the battery material industry has made great progress, and the application market is developing rapidly. The supply chain of China’s battery industry is complete. The key materials of lithium batteries, such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese and other major metals, have relatively high reserves in China. At the same time, China has also acquired quite a lot of mineral resources around the world.
In addition, in terms of technical routes, Chinese lithium battery manufacturers have already deployed lithium iron phosphate batteries, emphasizing that the two technical routes are carried out simultaneously. In recent years, China has emerged a number of leading companies in battery anodes, anodes, electrolytes, and separators.
The industry has a high degree of concentration and has become the world’s largest producer and user of lithium iron phosphate and ternary cathode materials. The supply chain of China’s battery industry is more stable and diversified. China’s outstanding advantages in the power battery industry are mainly due to the fact that China has the world’s largest new energy vehicle market, which has stimulated the development of China’s battery industry.
China battery technology is generally at the international level
China’s innovative technology in power batteries has also continuously achieved new breakthroughs. In 2021, China’s application for power lithium battery patents accounted for 90% of the world’s share, especially in terms of material technology for cathode and anode electrodes, and new technologies are constantly being introduced. In terms of power batteries, important progress has been made in technologies such as new materials and new systems, high specific energy, high specific power, and long-life lithium-ion batteries, and new high-specific energy lithium batteries.
In terms of energy storage batteries, a lithium iron phosphate energy storage battery system with a cycle life of more than 10,000 times at the 100 MWh level has been realized. CATL has developed a sodium-ion battery with a single battery energy density of 160 Wh/kg, which is expected to be used in energy storage power stations, communication base stations and other fields. BYD has developed blade battery technology, and the innovative battery structure has greatly improved volume utilization.
In recent years, Chinese battery companies have increased investment in technological innovation, and battery technology has made continuous progress, such as sodium-ion batteries, solid-state battery technology, cobalt-free batteries, blade batteries and CTP integration technology, etc.
Among them, CATL’s research and development expenses in 2020 will be as high as 3.569 billion RMB to strengthen the development of existing batteries and future battery technology. CATL will invest 3.3 billion RMB to establish a 21C laboratory to strengthen the development of future battery technology and support its leading position in the global battery field.
In terms of battery standards, China has begun to actively promote Chinese standards in the International Electrotechnical Organization. As early as 2020, China proposed to ISO to set new standards for lithium batteries, formulate a proposal for a professional committee, and the committee’s officers are held by China. Around the standard formulation, China has now taken the lead.
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